Impacto de las Funciones Ejecutivas Sobre la Comprensión Lectora. Revisión Sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36901/psicologia.v15i1.1777Palabras clave:
Funciones ejecutivas, Comprensión lectora, Memoria de trabajo, Flexibilidad cognitiva, Control inhibitorioResumen
Profundizar en las relaciones entre las funciones ejecutivas y la comprensión lectora, aporta a la evolución de los modelos de funcionamiento cognitivo y a las prácticas escolares. Este artículo presenta una revisión sistemática con el objetivo de analizar las dimensiones conceptuales alrededor de la influencia de las funciones ejecutivas en la comprensión lectora. Se revisaron 35 artículos científicos seleccionados de bases de datos de referencia, a través de la metodología Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), en el periodo comprendido entre 2018 y 2023. Se identificaron artículos producto de investigaciones, en idioma inglés, español y portugués. En los resultados, se logró caracterizar tres dimensiones conceptuales: primero, las funciones ejecutivas como predictoras del desempeño en comprensión lectora, segundo, los tipos de funciones ejecutivas y su impacto en la comprensión lectora y tercero, las funciones ejecutivas como componente adicional en los modelos de la comprensión lectora. Se concluyó que, las funciones ejecutivas son predictoras del desempeño en comprensión lectora y su impacto está condicionado por el objetivo de la lectura y el tipo de texto y que, el entrenamiento intencional en las funciones ejecutivas es una necesidad actual de la investigación.
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